Ahmed Dawel Walsh

Additional Translation:

• From which section of the paper is this passage?

Methods

• Paste quoted text on the next line. Do not include quotation marks or a bullet

mark:

Participants were excluded from this study if they i) failed to answer correctly at least two out of three attention filter questions; ii) had more than

20% missing responses on each scale; iii) gave consent to participate but did not complete the baseline survey; or iv) completed the baseline

survey only and did not participate in any follow-ups. Through these exclusion criteria, 93 responses from the first wave, 40 from the second

wave, 45 from the third wave, 39 from the fourth wave, and 17 were excluded as they participated in the baseline survey only.

• Write your translation on the next line:

Some participants were removed from the study for various reasons. These included

people who were not paying attention while answering questions, people who left too many

questions blank, people who signed up but never actually completed the first survey, and

people who only did the first survey and never came back for follow ups. After applying

these rules, a total of 234 people were removed from the study across all four waves of

data collection.

I think more broader and diverse samples would be great for future research because the

sample was very young (mostly 20-24), single, Bangladeshi, and heavily students.

Replicating this in other cultural contexts, older adults, non-students, and clinical

populations would test generalizability especially since social comparison and sleephygiene

norms plausibly across cultures.

DiRicult Material (from original poster or subsequent student):

• What did the previous poster state was diRicult to understand? (please copy

and paste their statement here):

Basically, I can understand the main purpose of this research paper that problematic social

media use is linked to poorer mental health, at the same time sleep plays a mediating role.

However, I found challenging is that whether social media use affects sleep or sleep also affects

social media use.

• Please try to explain the diRicult materials to the original poster, as best as you

can. (This is where you can help them understand what they found diRicult.)

The main analysis tests PSMU as the cause and sleep as the mediator (PSMU à poor sleep

à worse mental health), treating it as one-directional. But the authors ran additional crosslagged

analysis to check this, and found the relationship goes both ways: PSMU predicts

later insomnia, but anxiety also predicts later PMSU. So, it is likely more of a feedback loop

than a one-way path. Poor sleep can lead to more phone use, which worsens sleep further,

which worsens mood, and so on. Even the authors admit their study design can’t fully

prove which direction causes which, and they call for future intervention studies to pin the

actual casual direction.

New DiRicult Material (according to you):

• What did you not understand about this paper, that someone else can help

with? If you understood everything, then what did you find most challenging to

understand?

I found most challenging was understanding the diWerence between the “within-person”

and “between-person” eWects in the multilevel medication analysis. The paper reports

separate medication percentages for each level (e.g. insomnia mediating 21% at the

within-person level vs 44% at the between-person level), but it wasn’t clear to me what

these levels represent in practical terms. I am still working through why comparing a

person to their own average behaves so diWerently from comparing people to each other,

and what that means for interpreting the results.