Askari Saberi-Kakhki Taheri 2019

Methods:

• Paste quoted text from the Methods section of the article on the next line. Do not include quotation marks or a bullet mark:

The intervention group received an aerobic exercise with music program consisting of 36 one-hour sessions, three times a week. Aerobic exercise had a moderate intensity of 50–70% maximum heart rate (HRmax).

• Write your translation on the next line:

The researchers conducted a supervised aerobic exercise program three times a week over three months, but kept the intensity of the exercise at a moderate level.

Introduction:

• Paste quoted text from the Introduction of the article on the next line. Do not include quotation marks:

In summary, considering the increasing need to encourage mental health professionals to make greater use of a variety of non-pharmaceutical methods to treat and prevent depression, the aim of this study as one of the studies done on outpatients with depression is to assess the effect of aerobic exercise on the three separate categories of somatic, affective, and cognitive symptoms of depression, as well as to evaluate the mediating role of QOL domains on this effectiveness.

• Write your translation on the next line:

The researchers wanted to determine whether aerobic exercise would lead to improved symptoms of various types of depression in depressed individuals, as well as whether improvements in quality of life would account for these benefits.

Results:

• Paste quoted text from the Results section in the article on the next line. Do not include quotation marks:

Based on a MANCOVA this significant difference was also observed in the somatic, affective and cognitive subscales of depression. This result indicates that aerobic exercise sessions significantly reduce all three categories of symptoms in depressed patients.

• Write your translation on the next line:

The aerobic exercise group had greater reductions in physical, emotional and thinking symptoms of depression than the routine treatment group.

Discussion:

• Paste quoted text from the Discussion section of the article on the next line. Do not include quotation marks:

Therefore, it can be inferred that an important and influential mechanism of exercise is that it helps create and increase social inclusion, which in turn decreases depression.

• Write your translation on the next line:

The researchers believe that part of the reason exercise helps to alleviate depression is due to the increased opportunities to interact with others and feel socially connected.

Future Directions:

• What future research should follow up on this work?

Further research is needed to determine if aerobic exercise is similarly effective with larger and more diverse populations such as men, older adults, and individuals with varying levels of depression. Different exercise types and intensities could be compared to researchers to find out which exercises are most effective.

Difficult Material:

• What did you not understand about this paper that someone else may be able to help you with? Or, if you understood everything, what did you find most challenging to understand?

The most challenging aspect of the paper was the interpretation of the statistical analyses, especially the rationale behind the choice of ANCOVA and MANCOVA and how they contributed to the evaluation of the effectiveness of the exercise program.