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Methods
ᄋ Paste quoted text from the Methods section of the article on the next line. Do not include quotation marks or a bullet mark:
The impact of television exposure on indicators of disordered eating was investigated via a prospective, multi-wave cross-sectional design in which two separate samples of ethnic Fijian adolescent girls were assessed in Nadroga, Fiji. The first wave occurred in 1995, within a few weeks of the introduction of television to Nadroga, and the second in 1998, after the area had been exposed to television for 3 years.
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Researchers studied a group of Fijian adolescent girls to see if television exposure had an effect on disordered eating. They studied the first group in 1995 after initial television exposure and the second group in 1998 after further exposure to television.
Introduction
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Previous attempts to establish a relationship between media exposure and eating disorders have been limited by the use of study subjects from environments in which there is chronic exposure to Western media imagery and disordered eating is already prevalent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the recent introduction of Western television on disordered eating among ethnic (indigenous) Fijian adolescent girls-a relatively media-naive population in which disordered eating previously was thought to be rare.
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The reason this study was conducted was because there was a lack of data available on subjects from regions where there were high levels of disordered eating who also were exposed to Western media. The researchers chose ethnic Fijian adolescent girls as their subject group because they were from a region where disordered eating was thought to be scarce and were recently exposed to media.
Results
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Second, the percentage of subjects reporting self-induced vomiting to control weight was 0% in 1995 but had reached 11.3% by 1998 (x2=6.95, d.f.=1, P=0.013). There was no confirmed diuretic or laxative use to lose weight nor BMI consistent with anorexia nervosa (i.e. ≤17.5) (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) in either sample. Finally, the frequency of self-reported binge-eating was not significantly different in the 1995 and 1998 samples: 7.9% and 4.6%, respectively (Table 1).
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There was a marked increase in subjects who reported self-induced vomiting for weight control by 11.3%, but no significant change in binge-eating. Body mass index (BMI) was not indicative or low enough to assume anorexia nervosa, and there was no self-reported use of diuretics or laxatives for weight control.
Discussion
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Survey data demonstrate a significant increase in the prevalence of two key indicators of disordered eating among this study population of ethnic Fijian adolescent girls — high EAT 26 scores and self-induced vomiting to lose weight — following novel, prolonged television exposure in their community and a concomitant increase in the percentage of households owning television sets. In addition, narrative data explicitly link changing attitudes about diet, weight loss and aesthetic ideals in the peer environment to Western media imagery.
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Data presented two important factors that indicated disordered eating among test subjects, high EAT 26 scores (a questionnaire testing eating tendancies) and purging after a 3 year exposure to television. There was also a marked change in view on overall diet and beauty after exposure to Western media.
Future Directions
ᄋ What future research should follow up on this work?
Due to the fact that this study was conducted quite awhile in the past, it is difficult to determine whether the findings would apply to today’s society. I propose that this study be replicated with another community of test subjects, but include male subjects as well. The study should also expand the focus from television exposure, to exposure to social media and internet use. The growing influence of social media influencers on younger generations may contribute to an increase in eating disorders. It would be an interesting study to begin.
Difficult Material
ᄋ What did you not understand about this paper that someone else may be able to help you with? Or, if you understood everything, what did you find most challenging to understand?
I understood the overall findings of the study and what it aimed to reflect on, but there were some statistical terminology (standard deviation, degrees of freedom, etc.) that I needed more clarification on to fully understand the quantitative results. The only challenging part to understand is the jump to causation from just merely television exposure.