Nutsford Pearson Kingham 2013

Colin Blackie colinblackie@gmail.com

https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/71530558/j.puhe.2013.08.01620211006-2995-83n5zz-libre.pdf?1635315555=&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DAn_ecological_study_investigating_the_as.pdf&Expires=1765909059&Signature=WhKxuXVrcHbhWrWt5p7gOAFcS5eA3SBqK-p~IObFcb5EjZUW2BmVV6732PsiS~9uCMhf4-8sG4nxG0wjPIgaTB6~4bcWpaHYwJOIJG0iyW3lqTxHjJWhBpjwoIQW8cCKhiNXgGByrNgLHsZrTxa0UV~vt3KVmmlRU4nijdsCtOQfcocrQ5TPUMopO~Hj2D8FjRilyuA16urJJV-OPtDJttt5-xinr86tq3VS89JBG4VZZKYfUYNx~MqSNxHJvjoAispe6v0u0v1N3q9eJJYZ9ozgsYSAgcnlGIwYepk7Sw-Nvt2AQW9GyokWrdZGh-DUAt~YHJ~~TZi6U1a0a1jLPw__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA

Methods:

• Paste quoted text from the Methods section of the article on the next line. Do not include quotation marks or a bullet mark:

Green space was characterized as total green spaces (including privately held land) or as ‘useable’ (e.g., parks and sports fields). Private gardens were excluded from the study and only green space areas larger than 500 m² were included, a modification on the original green space dataset which included areas smaller than 200 m² . 8 With a total area of 186 km² (excluding the islands), Auckland City has. 60.5 km² of green space, 51.3 km² (84.8%) of which was ‘useable’ (see Fig. 1).

• Write your translation on the next line:

To measure the amount of green space that everyone can access and utilize, private gardens and spaces with an area less than 500m² were not included in the dataset. In Auckland City, 84.8% of the City’s 60.5km² green space is useable public green space.

Introduction:

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Three primary theoretical pathways have been identified through which green space may influence mental health.13,15 First, recreational physical activity, common in green space, promotes positive moods and reduces stress levels.19 Second, both planned and coincidental social interaction often take place in public green spaces and have been shown to improve mental well-being.13 Third, green spaces are seen as places for relaxation and recuperation from stressful activities, which influences stress hormone levels

• Write your translation on the next line:

There are three ways that green spaces in cities affect peoples mental health; first is that it allows for people to take part in sports recreational activities, which have been shown to reduce stress. Second is that people are more likely to be outside and meet familiar people when green spaces are available. The third way that green spaces influence mental health is that humans view green spaces for relaxation and the psychological connection reduces stress in peoples lives.

Results:

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The authors found 3% lower anxiety/mood disorder treatment for every 100 m decrease in distance to the nearest useable green space. Neither total nor useable green space within 300 m buffers yielded significant associations with anxiety/mood disorder treatment counts.

• Write your translation on the next line:

For every 100m that people live closer to useable green spaces the occurrence of anxiety/mood disorders decreases by 3%. Being within 300m of any green space did not significantly affect the amount of people being treated for anxiety/mood disorders.

Discussion:

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The results of this study support two pathways through which green space can have positive effects on mental health. The first identifies the potential salutogenic effect of green space in the broader neighbourhood. As the authors did not find an association between the proportion of green space within 300 m buffers and mental health, perhaps the greenness of the wider neighbourhood may be more influential than the immediate environment and large areas of green space may provide more restorative effects,20 potentially through visualization of greenness.

 

• Write your translation on the next line:

The results of this study support two ways that green spaces can have a positive effect on mental health. The first one is that having green spaces in the immediate neighbourhood allows people to remember nature, and creates an effect of being in nature, called the salutogenic effect. This is because the authors did not find a significant relationship between the proportion of green space within 300m buffers and incidents of mental health but did find that the closer people were to useable public spaces the lower usage of anxiety/mood disorders treatments were.

Future Directions:

• What future research should follow up on this work?

Future research should look at the impact of private gardens on anxiety/mood disorders, with whether being able to see nature in the immediate vicinity has an impact on peoples mental health. Another aspect for future research involves long term research looking at changes in treatments and/or clinical visits for mental health disorders with residents that have moved into the area, or after changes in the amount/distance to greenspaces.

Difficult Material:

• What did you not understand about this paper that someone else may be able to help you with? Or, if you understood everything, what did you find most challenging to understand?

The most challenging part of this paper was understanding the specific methodology/terminology that they used. Examples of not knowing the terminology include the talk of the salutogenic effect and viewshed analysis.